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雷史畢基:羅馬三部曲(羅馬之松/羅馬之泉/羅馬節慶)
約翰．威爾森 指揮 倫敦市立交響樂團
在發行了兩張廣受好評的錄音專輯後 - 包含獲得一個BBC音樂雜誌獎項 - 約翰.威爾森和倫敦市立交響樂團轉向以雷史畢基的羅馬三部曲作品當作第三張專輯. 1879年出生於義大利波隆那市的雷史畢基被訓練成一位小提琴家與作曲家, 經常到各地旅行. 因此能影響他的是很廣泛的, 從理查.史特勞斯和德布西到林姆斯基-高沙可夫(曾經教他樂器配器), 此外還有對素歌(plainsong)與義大利巴洛克音樂的喜愛與迷戀.
(羅馬之泉)是這三首偉大的音詩(tone poem)中的第一首, 寫於1913到1916之間, 是受到拉脫維亞藝術家Edita Broglio給他一系列的照片所啟發而寫的. 此強烈節目性的作品可看到雷史畢基著手喚起’對四座羅馬的噴泉…情緒和景觀的暗示, 這些噴泉的特點大多是與週邊景觀的和諧, 或是其美麗景觀讓觀賞者印象深刻’. (羅馬之松)是在1924年完成 – 在一個義大利非常動盪的年代, 在莫索里尼於1922年被任命為總理之後. 和羅馬之泉作品一樣, 此作品是有明確的節目性, 譜曲成四段並且需要極強大的管絃樂力量 – 包含一個在第三樂章的夜鶯留聲機錄音.
(羅馬節慶)首演是在1928年, 由長期支持雷史畢基並經常表演他的作品的托斯卡尼尼指揮紐約愛樂管弦樂團演奏. 此作品再次的譜寫成四部份, 是這三首作品中需要最大的管弦樂編制, 包含各式各樣的打擊樂器和管風琴, 四首鋼琴聯彈和曼陀林.
這些作品剛發表時雖然有一些負面的批評(尤其是在英國), 在世界各地仍然有許多音樂會聽眾喜愛這些作品, 從此變成定期被演奏的曲目 – 事實上, 這些作品也許已經被證明在指揮家和聽眾們比樂評家們有更高的評價!
Following the widespread critical acclaim of their first two recordings – including a BBC Music Magazine Award – John Wilson and the Sinfonia of London turn to Respighi's Roman Trilogy for their third release. Born in Bologna in 1879, Respighi trained as a violinist and composer, and travelled extensively. His influences are therefore wide-ranging, from Richard Strauss and Debussy to Rimsky-Korsakov (who taught him orchestration) in addition to a love of – and fascination with – Plainsong and music of the Italian baroque.
Fountains of Rome was the first of these three great tone poems, composed between 1913 and 1916, and inspired by a series of photographs given to him by the artist Edita Broglio. Intensely programmatic, the work sees Respighi setting out to evoke 'sentiments and visions suggested… by four of Rome's fountains contemplated at the hour in which their character is most in harmony with the surrounding landscape, or in which their beauty appears most impressive to the observer'. Pines of Rome was completed in 1924 – a particularly turbulent time in Italy, following Mussolini's appointment as Prime Minister, in 1922. Like Fountains, the work is explicitly programmatic, set in four sections, and calling for extremely large orchestral forces – including a gramophone recording of a nightingale in the third movement.
Roman Festivals was premiered in 1928 by the New York Philharmonic under Toscanini, who was a great supporter of Respighi and regularly performed his works throughout his career. Again, in four parts, Festivals calls for the largest orchestration of all, including a vast array of percussion as well as organ, four-hand piano and mandolin.
Despite some negative criticism (particularly in the UK) when they were first introduced, these works have found favour with concert goers around the world and been regularly performed ever since – indeed, they have perhaps proven much more highly valued by conductors and audiences than by the critics!
OTTORINO RESPIGHI
Feste Romane, P157 (1928)23:46
(Roman Festivals)
Poema sinfonico per orchestra
(Symphonic Poem for Orchestra)
1.ICircenses (Circuses). Moderato - Allegro molto - Moderato - Allegro molto -4:18
2.IIIl giubileo (The Jubilee). Doloroso e stanco -6:30
3.IIIL'Ottobrata (The October Festival).7:51
4.IVLa Befana (The Epiphany).5:08
Fontane di Roma, P106 (1914-16)14:50
(Fountains of Rome)
Poema sinfonico per orchestra
(Symphonic Poem for Orchestra)
5.La fontana di Valle Giulia all'alba (The Fountain of the Valle Giulia at dawn).4:16
6.La fontana del Tritone al mattino (The Triton Fountain in early morning).2:23
7.La fontana di Trevi al meriggio (The Trevi Fountain at midday).3:03
8.La fontana di Villa Medici al tramonto (The Fountain of the Villa Medici at sunset).5:06
Pini di Roma, P141 (1923-24)21:14
(Pines of Rome)
Poema sinfonico per orchestra
(Symphonic Poem for Orchestra)
9.II pini di Villa Borghese (The pines of the Villa Borghese).2:39
10.IIPini presso una catacomba (Pines near a catacomb).6:39
11.IIII pini del Gianicolo (The pines of the Janiculum).6:43
12.IVI pini della Via Appia (The pines of the Appian Way).5:12
Total time: 59:48
Sinfonia of London
John Wilson |
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